Select选择器

下拉选择器。

何时使用#

  • 弹出一个下拉菜单给用户选择操作,用于代替原生的选择器,或者需要一个更优雅的多选器时。

  • 当选项少时(少于 5 项),建议直接将选项平铺,使用 Radio 是更好的选择。

代码演示

Lucy
Lucy
Lucy
Lucy

基本使用。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select } from 'antd';

const { Option } = Select;

function handleChange(value) {
  console.log(`selected ${value}`);
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <>
    <Select defaultValue="lucy" style={{ width: 120 }} onChange={handleChange}>
      <Option value="jack">Jack</Option>
      <Option value="lucy">Lucy</Option>
      <Option value="disabled" disabled>
        Disabled
      </Option>
      <Option value="Yiminghe">yiminghe</Option>
    </Select>
    <Select defaultValue="lucy" style={{ width: 120 }} disabled>
      <Option value="lucy">Lucy</Option>
    </Select>
    <Select defaultValue="lucy" style={{ width: 120 }} loading>
      <Option value="lucy">Lucy</Option>
    </Select>
    <Select defaultValue="lucy" style={{ width: 120 }} allowClear>
      <Option value="lucy">Lucy</Option>
    </Select>
  </>,
  mountNode,
);

多选,从已有条目中选择。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select } from 'antd';

const { Option } = Select;

const children = [];
for (let i = 10; i < 36; i++) {
  children.push(<Option key={i.toString(36) + i}>{i.toString(36) + i}</Option>);
}

function handleChange(value) {
  console.log(`selected ${value}`);
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <>
    <Select
      mode="multiple"
      allowClear
      style={{ width: '100%' }}
      placeholder="Please select"
      defaultValue={['a10', 'c12']}
      onChange={handleChange}
    >
      {children}
    </Select>
    <br />
    <Select
      mode="multiple"
      disabled
      style={{ width: '100%' }}
      placeholder="Please select"
      defaultValue={['a10', 'c12']}
      onChange={handleChange}
    >
      {children}
    </Select>
  </>,
  mountNode,
);

使用 optionLabelProp 指定回填到选择框的 Option 属性。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select } from 'antd';

const { Option } = Select;

function handleChange(value) {
  console.log(`selected ${value}`);
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <Select
    mode="multiple"
    style={{ width: '100%' }}
    placeholder="select one country"
    defaultValue={['china']}
    onChange={handleChange}
    optionLabelProp="label"
  >
    <Option value="china" label="China">
      <div className="demo-option-label-item">
        <span role="img" aria-label="China">
          🇨🇳
        </span>
        China (中国)
      </div>
    </Option>
    <Option value="usa" label="USA">
      <div className="demo-option-label-item">
        <span role="img" aria-label="USA">
          🇺🇸
        </span>
        USA (美国)
      </div>
    </Option>
    <Option value="japan" label="Japan">
      <div className="demo-option-label-item">
        <span role="img" aria-label="Japan">
          🇯🇵
        </span>
        Japan (日本)
      </div>
    </Option>
    <Option value="korea" label="Korea">
      <div className="demo-option-label-item">
        <span role="img" aria-label="Korea">
          🇰🇷
        </span>
        Korea (韩国)
      </div>
    </Option>
  </Select>,
  mountNode,
);
.demo-option-label-item > span {
  margin-right: 6px;
}
Lucy

OptGroup 进行选项分组。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select } from 'antd';

const { Option, OptGroup } = Select;

function handleChange(value) {
  console.log(`selected ${value}`);
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <Select defaultValue="lucy" style={{ width: 200 }} onChange={handleChange}>
    <OptGroup label="Manager">
      <Option value="jack">Jack</Option>
      <Option value="lucy">Lucy</Option>
    </OptGroup>
    <OptGroup label="Engineer">
      <Option value="Yiminghe">yiminghe</Option>
    </OptGroup>
  </Select>,
  mountNode,
);

试下复制 露西,杰克 到输入框里。只在 tags 和 multiple 模式下可用。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select } from 'antd';

const { Option } = Select;

const children = [];
for (let i = 10; i < 36; i++) {
  children.push(<Option key={i.toString(36) + i}>{i.toString(36) + i}</Option>);
}

function handleChange(value) {
  console.log(`selected ${value}`);
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <Select mode="tags" style={{ width: '100%' }} onChange={handleChange} tokenSeparators={[',']}>
    {children}
  </Select>,
  mountNode,
);
custom dropdown render

使用 dropdownRender 对下拉菜单进行自由扩展。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select, Divider, Input } from 'antd';
import { PlusOutlined } from '@ant-design/icons';

const { Option } = Select;

let index = 0;

class App extends React.Component {
  state = {
    items: ['jack', 'lucy'],
    name: '',
  };

  onNameChange = event => {
    this.setState({
      name: event.target.value,
    });
  };

  addItem = () => {
    console.log('addItem');
    const { items, name } = this.state;
    this.setState({
      items: [...items, name || `New item ${index++}`],
      name: '',
    });
  };

  render() {
    const { items, name } = this.state;
    return (
      <Select
        style={{ width: 240 }}
        placeholder="custom dropdown render"
        dropdownRender={menu => (
          <div>
            {menu}
            <Divider style={{ margin: '4px 0' }} />
            <div style={{ display: 'flex', flexWrap: 'nowrap', padding: 8 }}>
              <Input style={{ flex: 'auto' }} value={name} onChange={this.onNameChange} />
              <a
                style={{ flex: 'none', padding: '8px', display: 'block', cursor: 'pointer' }}
                onClick={this.addItem}
              >
                <PlusOutlined /> Add item
              </a>
            </div>
          </div>
        )}
      >
        {items.map(item => (
          <Option key={item}>{item}</Option>
        ))}
      </Select>
    );
  }
}

ReactDOM.render(<App />, mountNode);

Ant Design 4.0

100000 Items

Ant Design 3.0

Select 使用了虚拟滚动技术,因而获得了比 3.0 更好的性能

expand codeexpand code
import { Select, Typography, Divider } from 'antd';

const { Title } = Typography;

const options = [];
for (let i = 0; i < 100000; i++) {
  const value = `${i.toString(36)}${i}`;
  options.push({
    value,
    disabled: i === 10,
  });
}

function handleChange(value) {
  console.log(`selected ${value}`);
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <>
    <Title level={3}>Ant Design 4.0</Title>
    <Title level={4}>{options.length} Items</Title>
    <Select
      mode="multiple"
      style={{ width: '100%' }}
      placeholder="Please select"
      defaultValue={['a10', 'c12']}
      onChange={handleChange}
      options={options}
    />

    <Divider />

    <Title level={3}>Ant Design 3.0</Title>
    <iframe
      title="Ant Design 3.0 Select demo"
      src="https://codesandbox.io/embed/solitary-voice-m3vme?fontsize=14&hidenavigation=1&theme=dark&view=preview"
      style={{ width: '100%', height: 300 }}
    />
  </>,
  mountNode,
);

允许自定义选择标签的样式。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select, Tag } from 'antd';

const options = [{ value: 'gold' }, { value: 'lime' }, { value: 'green' }, { value: 'cyan' }];

function tagRender(props) {
  const { label, value, closable, onClose } = props;

  return (
    <Tag color={value} closable={closable} onClose={onClose} style={{ marginRight: 3 }}>
      {label}
    </Tag>
  );
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <Select
    mode="multiple"
    showArrow
    tagRender={tagRender}
    defaultValue={['gold', 'cyan']}
    style={{ width: '100%' }}
    options={options}
  />,
  mountNode,
);


a1


三种大小的选择框,当 size 分别为 largesmall 时,输入框高度为 40px24px ,默认高度为 32px

expand codeexpand code
import { Select, Radio } from 'antd';

const { Option } = Select;

const children = [];
for (let i = 10; i < 36; i++) {
  children.push(<Option key={i.toString(36) + i}>{i.toString(36) + i}</Option>);
}

function handleChange(value) {
  console.log(`Selected: ${value}`);
}

class SelectSizesDemo extends React.Component {
  state = {
    size: 'default',
  };

  handleSizeChange = e => {
    this.setState({ size: e.target.value });
  };

  render() {
    const { size } = this.state;
    return (
      <>
        <Radio.Group value={size} onChange={this.handleSizeChange}>
          <Radio.Button value="large">Large</Radio.Button>
          <Radio.Button value="default">Default</Radio.Button>
          <Radio.Button value="small">Small</Radio.Button>
        </Radio.Group>
        <br />
        <br />
        <Select size={size} defaultValue="a1" onChange={handleChange} style={{ width: 200 }}>
          {children}
        </Select>
        <br />
        <Select
          mode="multiple"
          size={size}
          placeholder="Please select"
          defaultValue={['a10', 'c12']}
          onChange={handleChange}
          style={{ width: '100%' }}
        >
          {children}
        </Select>
        <br />
        <Select
          mode="tags"
          size={size}
          placeholder="Please select"
          defaultValue={['a10', 'c12']}
          onChange={handleChange}
          style={{ width: '100%' }}
        >
          {children}
        </Select>
      </>
    );
  }
}

ReactDOM.render(<SelectSizesDemo />, mountNode);
.code-box-demo .ant-select {
  margin: 0 8px 10px 0;
}

.ant-row-rtl .code-box-demo .ant-select {
  margin: 0 0 10px 8px;
}

#components-select-demo-search-box .code-box-demo .ant-select {
  margin: 0;
}

tags select,随意输入的内容(scroll the menu)。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select } from 'antd';

const { Option } = Select;

const children = [];
for (let i = 10; i < 36; i++) {
  children.push(<Option key={i.toString(36) + i}>{i.toString(36) + i}</Option>);
}

function handleChange(value) {
  console.log(`selected ${value}`);
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <Select mode="tags" style={{ width: '100%' }} placeholder="Tags Mode" onChange={handleChange}>
    {children}
  </Select>,
  mountNode,
);
Zhejiang
Hangzhou

省市联动是典型的例子。

推荐使用 Cascader 组件。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select } from 'antd';

const { Option } = Select;
const provinceData = ['Zhejiang', 'Jiangsu'];
const cityData = {
  Zhejiang: ['Hangzhou', 'Ningbo', 'Wenzhou'],
  Jiangsu: ['Nanjing', 'Suzhou', 'Zhenjiang'],
};

class App extends React.Component {
  state = {
    cities: cityData[provinceData[0]],
    secondCity: cityData[provinceData[0]][0],
  };

  handleProvinceChange = value => {
    this.setState({
      cities: cityData[value],
      secondCity: cityData[value][0],
    });
  };

  onSecondCityChange = value => {
    this.setState({
      secondCity: value,
    });
  };

  render() {
    const { cities } = this.state;
    return (
      <>
        <Select
          defaultValue={provinceData[0]}
          style={{ width: 120 }}
          onChange={this.handleProvinceChange}
        >
          {provinceData.map(province => (
            <Option key={province}>{province}</Option>
          ))}
        </Select>
        <Select
          style={{ width: 120 }}
          value={this.state.secondCity}
          onChange={this.onSecondCityChange}
        >
          {cities.map(city => (
            <Option key={city}>{city}</Option>
          ))}
        </Select>
      </>
    );
  }
}

ReactDOM.render(<App />, mountNode);
Lucy (101)

默认情况下 onChange 里只能拿到 value,如果需要拿到选中的节点文本 label,可以使用 labelInValue 属性。

选中项的 label 会被包装到 value 中传递给 onChange 等函数,此时 value 是一个对象。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select } from 'antd';

const { Option } = Select;

function handleChange(value) {
  console.log(value); // { value: "lucy", key: "lucy", label: "Lucy (101)" }
}

ReactDOM.render(
  <Select
    labelInValue
    defaultValue={{ value: 'lucy' }}
    style={{ width: 120 }}
    onChange={handleChange}
  >
    <Option value="jack">Jack (100)</Option>
    <Option value="lucy">Lucy (101)</Option>
  </Select>,
  mountNode,
);

一个带有远程搜索,防抖控制,请求时序控制,加载状态的多选示例。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select, Spin } from 'antd';
import debounce from 'lodash/debounce';

const { Option } = Select;

class UserRemoteSelect extends React.Component {
  constructor(props) {
    super(props);
    this.lastFetchId = 0;
    this.fetchUser = debounce(this.fetchUser, 800);
  }

  state = {
    data: [],
    value: [],
    fetching: false,
  };

  fetchUser = value => {
    console.log('fetching user', value);
    this.lastFetchId += 1;
    const fetchId = this.lastFetchId;
    this.setState({ data: [], fetching: true });
    fetch('https://randomuser.me/api/?results=5')
      .then(response => response.json())
      .then(body => {
        if (fetchId !== this.lastFetchId) {
          // for fetch callback order
          return;
        }
        const data = body.results.map(user => ({
          text: `${user.name.first} ${user.name.last}`,
          value: user.login.username,
        }));
        this.setState({ data, fetching: false });
      });
  };

  handleChange = value => {
    this.setState({
      value,
      data: [],
      fetching: false,
    });
  };

  render() {
    const { fetching, data, value } = this.state;
    return (
      <Select
        mode="multiple"
        labelInValue
        value={value}
        placeholder="Select users"
        notFoundContent={fetching ? <Spin size="small" /> : null}
        filterOption={false}
        onSearch={this.fetchUser}
        onChange={this.handleChange}
        style={{ width: '100%' }}
      >
        {data.map(d => (
          <Option key={d.value}>{d.text}</Option>
        ))}
      </Select>
    );
  }
}

ReactDOM.render(<UserRemoteSelect />, mountNode);

隐藏下拉列表中已选择的选项。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select } from 'antd';

const OPTIONS = ['Apples', 'Nails', 'Bananas', 'Helicopters'];

class SelectWithHiddenSelectedOptions extends React.Component {
  state = {
    selectedItems: [],
  };

  handleChange = selectedItems => {
    this.setState({ selectedItems });
  };

  render() {
    const { selectedItems } = this.state;
    const filteredOptions = OPTIONS.filter(o => !selectedItems.includes(o));
    return (
      <Select
        mode="multiple"
        placeholder="Inserted are removed"
        value={selectedItems}
        onChange={this.handleChange}
        style={{ width: '100%' }}
      >
        {filteredOptions.map(item => (
          <Select.Option key={item} value={item}>
            {item}
          </Select.Option>
        ))}
      </Select>
    );
  }
}

ReactDOM.render(<SelectWithHiddenSelectedOptions />, mountNode);
Lucy
Lucy

无边框样式。

expand codeexpand code
import { Select } from 'antd';

const { Option } = Select;

ReactDOM.render(
  <>
    <Select defaultValue="lucy" style={{ width: 120 }} bordered={false}>
      <Option value="jack">Jack</Option>
      <Option value="lucy">Lucy</Option>
      <Option value="Yiminghe">yiminghe</Option>
    </Select>
    <Select defaultValue="lucy" style={{ width: 120 }} disabled bordered={false}>
      <Option value="lucy">Lucy</Option>
    </Select>
  </>,
  mountNode,
);

API#

<Select>
  <Option value="lucy">lucy</Option>
</Select>

Select props#

参数说明类型默认值版本
allowClear支持清除booleanfalse
autoClearSearchValue是否在选中项后清空搜索框,只在 modemultipletags 时有效booleantrue
autoFocus默认获取焦点booleanfalse
bordered是否有边框booleantrue
clearIcon自定义的多选框清空图标ReactNode-
defaultActiveFirstOption是否默认高亮第一个选项booleantrue
defaultOpen是否默认展开下拉菜单boolean-
defaultValue指定默认选中的条目string | string[]
number | number[]
LabeledValue | LabeledValue[]
-
disabled是否禁用booleanfalse
dropdownClassName下拉菜单的 className 属性string-
dropdownMatchSelectWidth下拉菜单和选择器同宽。默认将设置 min-width,当值小于选择框宽度时会被忽略。false 时会关闭虚拟滚动boolean | numbertrue
dropdownRender自定义下拉框内容(originNode: ReactNode) => ReactNode-
dropdownStyle下拉菜单的 style 属性CSSProperties-
filterOption是否根据输入项进行筛选。当其为一个函数时,会接收 inputValue option 两个参数,当 option 符合筛选条件时,应返回 true,反之则返回 falseboolean | function(inputValue, option)true
getPopupContainer菜单渲染父节点。默认渲染到 body 上,如果你遇到菜单滚动定位问题,试试修改为滚动的区域,并相对其定位。示例function(triggerNode)() => document.body
labelInValue是否把每个选项的 label 包装到 value 中,会把 Select 的 value 类型从 string 变为 { value: string, label: ReactNode } 的格式booleanfalse
listHeight设置弹窗滚动高度number256
loading加载中状态booleanfalse
maxTagCount最多显示多少个 tagnumber-
maxTagPlaceholder隐藏 tag 时显示的内容ReactNode | function(omittedValues)-
maxTagTextLength最大显示的 tag 文本长度number-
menuItemSelectedIcon自定义多选时当前选中的条目图标ReactNode-
mode设置 Select 的模式为多选或标签multiple | tags-
notFoundContent当下拉列表为空时显示的内容ReactNodeNot Found
onBlur失去焦点时回调function-
onChange选中 option,或 input 的 value 变化时,调用此函数function(value, option:Option | Array<Option>)-
onClear清除内容时回调function-4.6.0
onDeselect取消选中时调用,参数为选中项的 value (或 key) 值,仅在 multipletags 模式下生效function(string | number | LabeledValue)-
onDropdownVisibleChange展开下拉菜单的回调function(open)-
onFocus获得焦点时回调function-
onInputKeyDown按键按下时回调function-
onMouseEnter鼠标移入时回调function-
onMouseLeave鼠标移出时回调function-
onPopupScroll下拉列表滚动时的回调function-
onSearch文本框值变化时回调function(value: string)-
onSelect被选中时调用,参数为选中项的 value (或 key) 值function(string | number | LabeledValue, option: Option)-
open是否展开下拉菜单boolean-
options数据化配置选项内容,相比 jsx 定义会获得更好的渲染性能{ label, value }[]-
optionFilterProp搜索时过滤对应的 option 属性,如设置为 children 表示对内嵌内容进行搜索。示例stringvalue
optionLabelProp回填到选择框的 Option 的属性值,默认是 Option 的子元素。比如在子元素需要高亮效果时,此值可以设为 valuestringchildren
placeholder选择框默认文字string-
removeIcon自定义的多选框清除图标ReactNode-
showArrow是否显示下拉小箭头boolean单选为 true,多选为 false
showSearch使单选模式可搜索booleanfalse
size选择框大小large | middle | small-
suffixIcon自定义的选择框后缀图标ReactNode-
tagRender自定义 tag 内容 render(props) => ReactNode-
tokenSeparatorstagsmultiple 模式下自动分词的分隔符string[]-
value指定当前选中的条目string | string[]
number | number[]
LabeledValue | LabeledValue[]
-
virtual设置 false 时关闭虚拟滚动booleantrue4.1.0

注意,如果发现下拉菜单跟随页面滚动,或者需要在其他弹层中触发 Select,请尝试使用 getPopupContainer={triggerNode => triggerNode.parentElement} 将下拉弹层渲染节点固定在触发器的父元素中。

Select Methods#

名称说明版本
blur()取消焦点
focus()获取焦点

Option props#

参数说明类型默认值版本
classNameOption 器类名string-
disabled是否禁用booleanfalse
title选中该 Option 后,Select 的 titlestring-
value默认根据此属性值进行筛选string | number-

OptGroup props#

参数说明类型默认值版本
keyKeystring-
label组名string | React.Element-

FAQ#

点击 dropdownRender 里的内容浮层关闭怎么办?#

看下 dropdownRender 例子 里的说明。

自定义 Option 样式导致滚动异常怎么办?#

这是由于虚拟滚动默认选项高度为 32px,如果你的选项高度小于该值则需要通过 listItemHeight 属性调整,而 listHeight 用于设置滚动容器高度:

<Select listItemHeight={10} listHeight={250} />

注意:listItemHeightlistHeight 为内部属性,如无必要,请勿修改该值。

为何无障碍测试会报缺失 aria- 属性?#

Select 无障碍辅助元素仅在弹窗展开时创建,因而当你在进行无障碍检测时请先打开下拉后再进行测试。对于 aria-labelaria-labelledby 属性缺失警告,请自行为 Select 组件添加相应无障碍属性。

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