Grid栅格
24 栅格系统。
设计理念#
100%
25%
25%
25%
25%
33.33%
33.33%
33.33%
50%
50%
66.66%
33.33%
在多数业务情况下,Ant Design 需要在设计区域内解决大量信息收纳的问题,因此在 12 栅格系统的基础上,我们将整个设计建议区域按照 24 等分的原则进行划分。
划分之后的信息区块我们称之为『盒子』。建议横向排列的盒子数量最多四个,最少一个。『盒子』在整个屏幕上占比见上图。设计部分基于盒子的单位定制盒子内部的排版规则,以保证视觉层面的舒适感。
概述#
布局的栅格化系统,我们是基于行(row)和列(col)来定义信息区块的外部框架,以保证页面的每个区域能够稳健地排布起来。下面简单介绍一下它的工作原理:
通过
row
在水平方向建立一组column
(简写 col)。你的内容应当放置于
col
内,并且,只有col
可以作为row
的直接元素。栅格系统中的列是指 1 到 24 的值来表示其跨越的范围。例如,三个等宽的列可以使用
<Col span={8} />
来创建。如果一个
row
中的col
总和超过 24,那么多余的col
会作为一个整体另起一行排列。
我们的栅格化系统基于 Flex 布局,允许子元素在父节点内的水平对齐方式 - 居左、居中、居右、等宽排列、分散排列。子元素与子元素之间,支持顶部对齐、垂直居中对齐、底部对齐的方式。同时,支持使用 order 来定义元素的排列顺序。
布局是基于 24 栅格来定义每一个『盒子』的宽度,但不拘泥于栅格。
代码演示
col
col-12
col-12
col-8
col-8
col-8
col-6
col-6
col-6
col-6
import { Row, Col } from 'antd';
ReactDOM.render(
<>
<Row>
<Col span={24}>col</Col>
</Row>
<Row>
<Col span={12}>col-12</Col>
<Col span={12}>col-12</Col>
</Row>
<Row>
<Col span={8}>col-8</Col>
<Col span={8}>col-8</Col>
<Col span={8}>col-8</Col>
</Row>
<Row>
<Col span={6}>col-6</Col>
<Col span={6}>col-6</Col>
<Col span={6}>col-6</Col>
<Col span={6}>col-6</Col>
</Row>
</>,
mountNode,
);
Horizontal
col-6
col-6
col-6
col-6
Responsive
col-6
col-6
col-6
col-6
Vertical
col-6
col-6
col-6
col-6
col-6
col-6
col-6
col-6
import { Row, Col, Divider } from 'antd';
const style = { background: '#0092ff', padding: '8px 0' };
ReactDOM.render(
<>
<Divider orientation="left">Horizontal</Divider>
<Row gutter={16}>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
</Row>
<Divider orientation="left">Responsive</Divider>
<Row gutter={{ xs: 8, sm: 16, md: 24, lg: 32 }}>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
</Row>
<Divider orientation="left">Vertical</Divider>
<Row gutter={[16, 24]}>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
<Col className="gutter-row" span={6}>
<div style={style}>col-6</div>
</Col>
</Row>
</>,
mountNode,
);
.gutter-box {
padding: 8px 0;
background: #00a0e9;
}
col-8
col-8
col-6 col-offset-6
col-6 col-offset-6
col-12 col-offset-6
import { Row, Col } from 'antd';
ReactDOM.render(
<>
<Row>
<Col span={8}>col-8</Col>
<Col span={8} offset={8}>
col-8
</Col>
</Row>
<Row>
<Col span={6} offset={6}>
col-6 col-offset-6
</Col>
<Col span={6} offset={6}>
col-6 col-offset-6
</Col>
</Row>
<Row>
<Col span={12} offset={6}>
col-12 col-offset-6
</Col>
</Row>
</>,
mountNode,
);
col-18 col-push-6
col-6 col-pull-18
import { Row, Col } from 'antd';
ReactDOM.render(
<Row>
<Col span={18} push={6}>
col-18 col-push-6
</Col>
<Col span={6} pull={18}>
col-6 col-pull-18
</Col>
</Row>,
mountNode,
);
sub-element align left
col-4
col-4
col-4
col-4
sub-element align center
col-4
col-4
col-4
col-4
sub-element align right
col-4
col-4
col-4
col-4
sub-element monospaced arrangement
col-4
col-4
col-4
col-4
sub-element align full
col-4
col-4
col-4
col-4
import { Row, Col, Divider } from 'antd';
ReactDOM.render(
<>
<Divider orientation="left">sub-element align left</Divider>
<Row justify="start">
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
</Row>
<Divider orientation="left">sub-element align center</Divider>
<Row justify="center">
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
</Row>
<Divider orientation="left">sub-element align right</Divider>
<Row justify="end">
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
</Row>
<Divider orientation="left">sub-element monospaced arrangement</Divider>
<Row justify="space-between">
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
</Row>
<Divider orientation="left">sub-element align full</Divider>
<Row justify="space-around">
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
<Col span={4}>col-4</Col>
</Row>
</>,
mountNode,
);
#components-grid-demo-flex [class~='ant-row'] {
background: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.08);
}
Align Top
col-4
col-4
col-4
col-4
Align Middle
col-4
col-4
col-4
col-4
Align Bottom
col-4
col-4
col-4
col-4
import { Row, Col, Divider } from 'antd';
const DemoBox = props => <p className={`height-${props.value}`}>{props.children}</p>;
ReactDOM.render(
<>
<Divider orientation="left">Align Top</Divider>
<Row justify="center" align="top">
<Col span={4}>
<DemoBox value={100}>col-4</DemoBox>
</Col>
<Col span={4}>
<DemoBox value={50}>col-4</DemoBox>
</Col>
<Col span={4}>
<DemoBox value={120}>col-4</DemoBox>
</Col>
<Col span={4}>
<DemoBox value={80}>col-4</DemoBox>
</Col>
</Row>
<Divider orientation="left">Align Middle</Divider>
<Row justify="space-around" align="middle">
<Col span={4}>
<DemoBox value={100}>col-4</DemoBox>
</Col>
<Col span={4}>
<DemoBox value={50}>col-4</DemoBox>
</Col>
<Col span={4}>
<DemoBox value={120}>col-4</DemoBox>
</Col>
<Col span={4}>
<DemoBox value={80}>col-4</DemoBox>
</Col>
</Row>
<Divider orientation="left">Align Bottom</Divider>
<Row justify="space-between" align="bottom">
<Col span={4}>
<DemoBox value={100}>col-4</DemoBox>
</Col>
<Col span={4}>
<DemoBox value={50}>col-4</DemoBox>
</Col>
<Col span={4}>
<DemoBox value={120}>col-4</DemoBox>
</Col>
<Col span={4}>
<DemoBox value={80}>col-4</DemoBox>
</Col>
</Row>
</>,
mountNode,
);
#components-grid-demo-flex-align [class~='ant-row'] {
background: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.08);
}
Normal
1 col-order-4
2 col-order-3
3 col-order-2
4 col-order-1
Responsive
1 col-order-responsive
2 col-order-responsive
3 col-order-responsive
4 col-order-responsive
import { Row, Col, Divider } from 'antd';
ReactDOM.render(
<>
<Divider orientation="left">Normal</Divider>
<Row>
<Col span={6} order={4}>
1 col-order-4
</Col>
<Col span={6} order={3}>
2 col-order-3
</Col>
<Col span={6} order={2}>
3 col-order-2
</Col>
<Col span={6} order={1}>
4 col-order-1
</Col>
</Row>
<Divider orientation="left">Responsive</Divider>
<Row>
<Col span={6} xs={{ order: 1 }} sm={{ order: 2 }} md={{ order: 3 }} lg={{ order: 4 }}>
1 col-order-responsive
</Col>
<Col span={6} xs={{ order: 2 }} sm={{ order: 1 }} md={{ order: 4 }} lg={{ order: 3 }}>
2 col-order-responsive
</Col>
<Col span={6} xs={{ order: 3 }} sm={{ order: 4 }} md={{ order: 2 }} lg={{ order: 1 }}>
3 col-order-responsive
</Col>
<Col span={6} xs={{ order: 4 }} sm={{ order: 3 }} md={{ order: 1 }} lg={{ order: 2 }}>
4 col-order-responsive
</Col>
</Row>
</>,
mountNode,
);
#components-grid-demo-flex-order [class~='ant-row'] {
background: rgba(128, 128, 128, 0.08);
}
Percentage columns
2 / 5
3 / 5
Fill rest
100px
Fill Rest
Raw flex style
1 1 200px
0 1 300px
import { Row, Col, Divider } from 'antd';
ReactDOM.render(
<>
<Divider orientation="left">Percentage columns</Divider>
<Row>
<Col flex={2}>2 / 5</Col>
<Col flex={3}>3 / 5</Col>
</Row>
<Divider orientation="left">Fill rest</Divider>
<Row>
<Col flex="100px">100px</Col>
<Col flex="auto">Fill Rest</Col>
</Row>
<Divider orientation="left">Raw flex style</Divider>
<Row>
<Col flex="1 1 200px">1 1 200px</Col>
<Col flex="0 1 300px">0 1 300px</Col>
</Row>
</>,
mountNode,
);
Col
Col
Col
import { Row, Col } from 'antd';
ReactDOM.render(
<Row>
<Col xs={2} sm={4} md={6} lg={8} xl={10}>
Col
</Col>
<Col xs={20} sm={16} md={12} lg={8} xl={4}>
Col
</Col>
<Col xs={2} sm={4} md={6} lg={8} xl={10}>
Col
</Col>
</Row>,
mountNode,
);
Col
Col
Col
import { Row, Col } from 'antd';
ReactDOM.render(
<Row>
<Col xs={{ span: 5, offset: 1 }} lg={{ span: 6, offset: 2 }}>
Col
</Col>
<Col xs={{ span: 11, offset: 1 }} lg={{ span: 6, offset: 2 }}>
Col
</Col>
<Col xs={{ span: 5, offset: 1 }} lg={{ span: 6, offset: 2 }}>
Col
</Col>
</Row>,
mountNode,
);
Vertical Gutter (px):
Column Count:
Column
Column
Column
Column
Column
Column
Column
Column
<Row gutter={[16, 16]}> <Col span={6} /> <Col span={6} /> <Col span={6} /> <Col span={6} /> </Row>
<Row gutter={[16, 16]}> <Col span={6} /> <Col span={6} /> <Col span={6} /> <Col span={6} /> </Row>
import { Row, Col, Slider } from 'antd';
const gutters = {};
const vgutters = {};
const colCounts = {};
[8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48].forEach((value, i) => {
gutters[i] = value;
});
[8, 16, 24, 32, 40, 48].forEach((value, i) => {
vgutters[i] = value;
});
[2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12].forEach((value, i) => {
colCounts[i] = value;
});
class App extends React.Component {
state = {
gutterKey: 1,
vgutterKey: 1,
colCountKey: 2,
};
onGutterChange = gutterKey => {
this.setState({ gutterKey });
};
onVGutterChange = vgutterKey => {
this.setState({ vgutterKey });
};
onColCountChange = colCountKey => {
this.setState({ colCountKey });
};
render() {
const { gutterKey, vgutterKey, colCountKey } = this.state;
const cols = [];
const colCount = colCounts[colCountKey];
let colCode = '';
for (let i = 0; i < colCount; i++) {
cols.push(
<Col key={i.toString()} span={24 / colCount}>
<div>Column</div>
</Col>,
);
colCode += ` <Col span={${24 / colCount}} />\n`;
}
return (
<>
<span>Horizontal Gutter (px): </span>
<div style={{ width: '50%' }}>
<Slider
min={0}
max={Object.keys(gutters).length - 1}
value={gutterKey}
onChange={this.onGutterChange}
marks={gutters}
step={null}
tipFormatter={value => gutters[value]}
/>
</div>
<span>Vertical Gutter (px): </span>
<div style={{ width: '50%' }}>
<Slider
min={0}
max={Object.keys(vgutters).length - 1}
value={vgutterKey}
onChange={this.onVGutterChange}
marks={vgutters}
step={null}
tipFormatter={value => vgutters[value]}
/>
</div>
<span>Column Count:</span>
<div style={{ width: '50%', marginBottom: 48 }}>
<Slider
min={0}
max={Object.keys(colCounts).length - 1}
value={colCountKey}
onChange={this.onColCountChange}
marks={colCounts}
step={null}
tipFormatter={value => colCounts[value]}
/>
</div>
<Row gutter={[gutters[gutterKey], vgutters[vgutterKey]]}>{cols}</Row>
<Row gutter={[gutters[gutterKey], vgutters[vgutterKey]]}>{cols}</Row>
<pre className="demo-code">{`<Row gutter={[${gutters[gutterKey]}, ${vgutters[vgutterKey]}]}>\n${colCode}</Row>`}</pre>
<pre className="demo-code">{`<Row gutter={[${gutters[gutterKey]}, ${vgutters[vgutterKey]}]}>\n${colCode}</Row>`}</pre>
</>
);
}
}
ReactDOM.render(<App />, mountNode);
#components-grid-demo-playground [class~='ant-col'] {
background: transparent;
border: 0;
}
#components-grid-demo-playground [class~='ant-col'] > div {
height: 120px;
font-size: 14px;
line-height: 120px;
background: #0092ff;
border-radius: 4px;
}
#components-grid-demo-playground pre {
padding: 8px 16px;
font-size: 13px;
background: #f9f9f9;
border-radius: 6px;
}
#components-grid-demo-playground pre.demo-code {
direction: ltr;
}
import { Grid, Tag } from 'antd';
const { useBreakpoint } = Grid;
function UseBreakpointDemo() {
const screens = useBreakpoint();
return (
<>
Current break point:{' '}
{Object.entries(screens)
.filter(screen => !!screen[1])
.map(screen => (
<Tag color="blue" key={screen[0]}>
{screen[0]}
</Tag>
))}
</>
);
}
ReactDOM.render(<UseBreakpointDemo />, mountNode);
API#
Ant Design 的布局组件若不能满足你的需求,你也可以直接使用社区的优秀布局组件:
Row#
成员 | 说明 | 类型 | 默认值 | 版本 |
---|---|---|---|---|
align | 垂直对齐方式 | top | middle | bottom | top | |
gutter | 栅格间隔,可以写成像素值或支持响应式的对象写法来设置水平间隔 { xs: 8, sm: 16, md: 24}。或者使用数组形式同时设置 [水平间距, 垂直间距] | number | object | array | 0 | |
justify | 水平排列方式 | start | end | center | space-around | space-between | start |
Col#
成员 | 说明 | 类型 | 默认值 | 版本 |
---|---|---|---|---|
flex | flex 布局属性 | string | number | - | |
offset | 栅格左侧的间隔格数,间隔内不可以有栅格 | number | 0 | |
order | 栅格顺序 | number | 0 | |
pull | 栅格向左移动格数 | number | 0 | |
push | 栅格向右移动格数 | number | 0 | |
span | 栅格占位格数,为 0 时相当于 display: none | number | - | |
xs | 屏幕 < 576px 响应式栅格,可为栅格数或一个包含其他属性的对象 | number | object | - | |
sm | 屏幕 ≥ 576px 响应式栅格,可为栅格数或一个包含其他属性的对象 | number | object | - | |
md | 屏幕 ≥ 768px 响应式栅格,可为栅格数或一个包含其他属性的对象 | number | object | - | |
lg | 屏幕 ≥ 992px 响应式栅格,可为栅格数或一个包含其他属性的对象 | number | object | - | |
xl | 屏幕 ≥ 1200px 响应式栅格,可为栅格数或一个包含其他属性的对象 | number | object | - | |
xxl | 屏幕 ≥ 1600px 响应式栅格,可为栅格数或一个包含其他属性的对象 | number | object | - |
响应式栅格的断点扩展自 BootStrap 4 的规则(不包含链接里 occasionally
的部分)。